Flat-spray appliance



Jan. 3, 1928.

M. J. BlNKS FLAT SPRAY APPLIANCE Fil ed Dec. 17. 1926 Patented Jan. 3,1928. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MELVIN J. BINKS, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO BINKS SPEAYEQUIPMENT 00., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FLAT-SPRAY APPLIANCE. Application filed December 17, 1926. Serial No.155,465.

My invention relates to spray appliances throttle the flow of air and tointerfere with of the general type in which a rejected a cleaning ofthese passages; and in which stream of liquid is flattened by t e actionthe narrow air outlet portions connect diof opposed and forwardlyintersecting rectly to air chambers of such large capacity lateral airjets, so that the resulting spray as to permit a. reduced operatingpressure 60 is spread out in a somewhat fan-like form. to be employedeffectively.

appliances of this kind, commonly Still further and also more detailed0bmarked in hand manipulated forms known JGCtS will appear from thefollowing specias spray guns for: use in applying liquid iication andfrom the accompanying drawcoating materials,difiiculties haveheretoings, in which or fore been encountered. ig. 1 is a central,vertical and longitu- First, departure from a proper alining of dinalsection through the forward portion the parts through which the liquidand the of a spray gun embodying my invention. air are projected. Toinsure uniformity of Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same theresulting spray, the initially projected forward portion. 70 cylindricalstream of liquid is commonly Fig. 3 1s a rear elevation of the airnozzle. sheathed by an initially cylindrical tube of Fig. 4 is a sideelevation of the liquid air. If the parts between which this tubularnozzle. sheath of air is projected are not concentric, Fig. 5 is asection, similar to a forward the sheath will vary in thickness, therebypart of Fig. 1 but showin another embodi- 5 causing correspondingvariations in the ment, namely one in whic the grooves for atomization.So also, if the axis of the inisupplying air to the tubular air outletare tially projected cylindrical stream of liquid formed in the liquidnozzle. does not bisect the angle between the con- Fig. 6 is a frontelevation of the liquid verging lateral air jets, the desireduniformnozzle of the embodiment'of Fig. 5 ity of atomization cannot beobtained. Referring first to the embodiment of Figs. Second, thepassages for the lateral air 1 to 4 inclusive, Fig. 1 shows the forwardjets have commonly been diflicult to keep portion of a spray gun body 1which has clean, owing to the collecting of the liquid a longitudinalliquid passage 2 connected to paint or the like in them when thespraying a liquid inlet Ipassage 3, and which also has operation i di tid, a longitudina air supply passage 4 formed Third, the necessarilysmall diameter of in it. The liquid passage 2 connects at its thedischarge portions of the several air pasfOIWaId end with the bore 5 ofa liquid sages has cooperated with the usual smallnozzle 6 which hasaliquid outlet 7 of condiametered and bent forms of the passage e teddlameter, the flow of liquid through ortions leading to them, goes tothrottle this outlet being controlled in the 1181131 the fiow of air andrequire a wastefully high manner y a o gi y movable needle air pressureto be maintained for operating Y lY 8- The iquid nozzle is here shown assuch spray appliances. initially constructed separately for con- 40 ypresent i ti i t id a venience in manufacturing and as threadedly implehead construction for spray guns connected to the body 1, SO that thisbody which will simultaneously avoid all three of and the 11 111dIIOZZle g h r m a rigid the above recited objects and which also y willbe easy to manufacture without requir- The llqllld I10ZZ le has arelatively long and 45 ing a degree of accurac beyond thatobtainforwardly p fruslio-conical OItiOII able in ordinary brass linishing'shops. More fitting the r a wardly flaring bore 0 an airparticularly, my invention provides a nozzle 9, and this air nozzle hasa cylindrical struction in which the air nozzle seats upon Central perre Thi perture iS larger the liquid nozzle so as to insur a proper inbore than the outside diameter of a tuo0 alining of these parts; inwhich these nozzle bular liquid nozzle tip 11 in which the liquid areretained in position by a clamping and Outlet 7 is bored, sodas toProvide an interair confining collar which permits the said veningannular space 12 between the parts 10 arts to shift somewhat withrespect to the and 11, through which space the tubular ody of the spraygun; in which no smallsheath of compressed air is projected. 55diametered air passages have any bonds to The air nozzle 9' is heldtightly upon the [of which extends liquid nozzle by a collar 13 whichhas its forward end contracted to form'an annular flange 14 engaging theforward face of a peripheral flange 15 on the air nozzle. This flange 15is somewhat smaller in diameter than the bore .of the collar 13, and theair nozzle also has a cylindrical portion 16 ex-' tending forward fromits peripheral flange 15 and fitting the bore for the collar flange 14.The collar 13 is thickened at its rear end to afford an outwardlydirected radial flange 17 which bears rea'rwardly against the forwardend of the gun body 1, and this flange is clamped against the said bodyby a clamping ring 18 which is threaded on the body 1 and which has itsforward end contracted to form a clamping flange 19 engaging the forwardface of the flange 17 on the collar. The rear collar flange 17 issmaller in diameter than the bore of the clamping ring 18, so as topermit a shifting of the axis of the collar with respect to the gunbody, thereby allowing for departures from an exact alining of the axesof the collar and of the two nozzles with respect to the axis of theliquid passage 2.

The part of the air nozzle behind the peripheral flange 15 isconsiderably smaller in diameter than the said flange, thereby providinga lar e annular air chamber 22 into which the air supply duct 4 opens.Leading to this air chamber through the air nozzle are two straight airoutlet ports 20, each through a lug 21 which projects forwardly beyondthe collar. These orts 20 have their axes in a common plane with theaxis of the air nozzle (and hence of the annular air outlet 12) and thetwo port axes converge forwardly so as to intersect at a common point 40on the axis of the air nozzle, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. I

To connect the air chamber 22 with the annular air outlet 12, I providelongitudinal grooves in one of the tapering surfaces which aflord theinterfitting seat portions of the two nozzles, as by providing grooves23 in the bbre of the air nozzle.

With a spray gun head thus constructed, the fitting of the tapering boreof the air nozzle on the corresponding taper of the liquid nozzle-bothof which tapers can easily be machined to uniform angles--insures anaccurate alining of the walls of the annular air outlet 12, while thefitting of the collar flange 14 upon the air nozzle seals the lif thethreading of the {pint between these.

iquid nozzle is not concentric with the threaded connection of theclamping ring to centric with the clamping ring,

the body, the collar 13 may not be conbut the two nozzles will still beaccurately alined without preventin an adequate sealing of the collar tothe air nozzle and to the gun body.

Likewise, a lack of alinement of the liquid nozzle with the bore of theliquid passage 2 is immaterial, as the length of the needle valve willpermit the latter to spring sufiiciently for tightly closing the liquidoutlet.

By making the rear portion of theair nozzleconsiderably smaller indiameter than the bore of the air confinin collar 13 I provide a largeair storage c amber 22 through which the air for the flattening jets issupplied by straight ports which are easily drilled and easily keptclean. This large air chamber, together with the plurality of grooves 23(which have a total cross-section many times greater than the area ofthe annular air outlet 12) effectively prevent any material throttlingof the air, so that the air pressure required by my spray gun is I muchlower than that needed with the types heretofore in use.

However, I do not wish to be limited-to the details of the constructionand arrangement above described, since changes may obviously be madewithout departin either from the spirit of my invention or rom theapplended claims. For example, Figs. 5 and 6 s ow parts of an embodimentin which the air supply grooves 23 are formed in the tapering exteriorof the liquid nozzle 6 while the air nozzle 9 has its rear and majorbore portion of a simple frustroconical form.

I claim as my invention:

1.In a flat spraying appliance, a body having a liquid passage and anair passage open at its forward end, a liquid nozzle extending forwardlyfrom the body and having its bore connected to the liquid passage, theliquid nozzle having a tubular tip and a rearwardly' flaring conicalportion behind the said tip; an air nozzle fitted upon the said conicalportion and having an outlet bore freely housing the said tip to providean annular air port therebetween; the air nozzle having a geripheralflange and a smaller diameters annular portion forwardly of the flange,forwardly converging ports extending through the said flange and openingradially inward of the annular portion; and a collar detachably securedto the body and having its forward end contracted to form an an=nular'flange fitting the said annular portion and engagin the saidperipheral'flange to clamp the air nozzle on the liquid nozzle; the partof the air nozzle behind the peripheral flange being smaller in diameterthan the bore of the collar to aflord an annular air space into whichthe air passage opens and from which the converging ports lead; therebeing a passa e leading from the said air space to thesaid annular port.

2. A flat spraying appliance as per claim 1, in which the last namedpassage coinprises a groove formed in one-of the said nozzles andextending along the said conical portions of the two nozzles.

3. A flat spraying appliance as per claim an annular air chambertherebetween, the 1, in which the collar abuts rearwardly air nozzlehaving forwardly converging air against the body and has a peripheralflange, ports extending through the said larger and in which the collaris secured to the 'diametered portion from the said air chambody by aring threaded upon the body and her to the front of the air nozzle, theair having an inwardly directed flange engagnozzle having a centralforward part freely ing the front of theperipheral flange on housing thetip of the liquid nozzle to prothe collar; the bore of the inwardlydirected vide an annular port th'erebetween, there be flange beinglarger in diameter than the ing air passages leading from the said air10 part of the collar housed by it, and the bore chamber to the saidannular port; the air of the ring being larger than the outside nozzleand liquid nozzle being formed to diameter of the peripheral collarflange, so afford an annular chamber around the rear as to permit ashiftin of the axis of the portion'of the liquid nozzle tip and in frontcollar with respect to that of the ring. of the liquid nozzle part uponwhich the air 15 4. In a flat spraying appliance, a body, a nozzle isfitted, so as to provide an annular liquid nozzle projecting forwardlyfrom the space opening into the said annular port and body and having aforward tip of reduced forming a portion of the said air passages,diameter, an air nozzle fitted upon a part of the said air passages alsoincluding grooves the liquid nozzle and having a forward porformed inone of the nozzles leading from 2 tion of larger diameter than its rearporthe said air chamber to the said annular tion, a collar secured tothe body and fitting space adjacent to the interfitting parts of apartof the air nozzle forward of the rear the two nozzles.

face of the said larger diametered portion, Signed at Chicago, Illinois,December the latter portion being smaller in diam- 14th,1926.

- MELVIN J. BINKS.

25 eter than the bore of the collar toprovide

